Психологические исследования религиозной мотивации
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22394/2073-7203-2016-34-4-51-67Ключевые слова:
теория ожидания, религия как поиск, психологические исследования религии, религиозная мотивация, теория самоопределения, сакрализацияАннотация
В статье анализируется развитие теоретических подходов к вопросу религиозной мотивации: теория самоопределения, теория ожидания, теория поисковой активности и теория сакрализации. Теория самоопределения рассматривает различную степень интегрированности религии в структуру личности. Блок исследований показывает, как степень религиозности связана с психологическим благополучием и разными психологическими чертами. Теория ожидания объясняет мотивацию как оценку человеком вероятности достижения цели, исходя из собственных возможностей и ситуации. Религия предлагает собственные варианты оценки целей, контекста и шансов на успех. Теория поисковой активности рассматривает религию как попытку ответить на экзистенциальные вопросы. Поиск смысла рассматривается как основная мотивация религии. В поле этой теории хорошо раскрывается психология буквалистской и символической веры. Концепция сакрализации говорит о том, что практически любая цель может быть посвящена духовному. Религиозная мотивация не специфична, практические исследования показывают частоту тех или иных мотивов у религиозных людей. Психология мотивации дает ключ к пониманию многих личностных и социокультурных процессов, связанных с религией.Скачивания
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