"Everson", "McCollum", "Zorach": The Supreme Court and the Debate on Church-State Relations in the United States in the Late 1940s - Early 1950s
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22394/2073-7203-2017-35-2-197-221Keywords:
usa, U.S. Supreme Court, religion, Church-State relations, parochial school, public school, protestant denominations, Catholic Church, secularizationAbstract
This article studies the situation in church-state relations in the United States in the late 1940s - early 1950s. The Supreme Court’s decisions in the Everson (1947), McCollum (1948) and Zorach (1952) cases concerned the majority of U.S. religious bodies. These decisions provoked debates on the issues of the secularization of American society and cooperation between church and state in various fields. Interpretation of the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment was an important subject of the polemics too. In its analysis of the debate, the article pays special attention to the attitude of Roman Catholic and Protestant leaders toward the issue, as well as to the disputes between and inside churches.Downloads
References
Борзов А.В. Вопрос о религиозных церемониях в школах в деятельности первой администрации Р. Рейгана (1981-1985 гг.) //Учёные записки Орловского государственного университета. Серия: гуманитарные и социальные науки. 2011. № 6. С. 54-60.
Борзов А.В. Религиозный консерватизм и кадровая политика Р. Рейгана в отношении Верховного Суда//Научные ведомости Белгородского государственного университета. История. Политология. Экономика. Информатика. 2012. № 7. С. 92-98.
Борзов А.В. Рональд Рейган и проблема взаимоотношения церкви и государства в США в 1980-е гг.//Американский ежегодник 2012. М.: Весь мир, 2012. С. 89-104.
Дзукаева З.Н. «Священная война» в Америке // США-Канада: Экономика. Политика.
Культура. 1992. № 5. С. 73~75-Емелин М.Ю. Влияние правовой доктрины на законодательство США, ее роль в толковании Конституции США//Вестник Пензенского государственного университета. 2013. № 4. С. 51-54.
Задорожнюк И.Е. Гражданская религия и патриотическое воспитание в системе образования США//Высшее образование в России. 2007. № 9. С. 150-155.
Николаев Б.В., Павлова НА. Государство, высшее образование и религия: североамериканская модель регулирования // Современные проблемы науки и образования. 2011. № 2. С. 29-38.
Archbishop R. Lucey (1948) "The Catholic Position on Church and State", Christianity and Crisis, February 2, p. 54.
Bell, C. (1946) "Church-State Issue in Wisconsin", Christian Century, July 17, p. 891.
Bennet, J. (1948) "Editorial Notes", Christianity and Crisis, February 2, p. 2.
Borzov, A.V. (2012) "Religioznyi konservatizm i kadrovaia politika R. Reigana v otnoshenii Verkhovnogo Suda" [Religious conservatism and R. Reagan's policy of nominating Supreme Court judges], Nauchnye vedomosti Belgorodskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Istoriia. Politologiia. Ekonomika. Informatika 7: 92-98.
Borzov, A.V. (2011) "Vopros о religioznykh tseremoniiakh v shkolakh v deiatel'nosti pervoi administratsii R. Reigana (1981-1985 gg.)" [The issue of religious rites in schools in the domestic policy of the first R. Reagan administration (1981-1985)], Uchenye zapiski Orlovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriia: gumanitarnye i sotsiaVnye nauki 6: 54-60.
Borzov, A.V. (2012) "Ronal'd Reigan i problema vzaimootnosheniia tserkvi i gosudarstva v SShA v 1980-е gg". [Ronald Reagan and the issue of church-state relations in the USA in the 1980s], in Amerikanskii ezhegodnik, ss. 89-104. Moscow.
"Catholic Leaders Ask Federal Help" (1947), Christian Century, April 30, p. 564.
"Cushing Attacks ‘Separation' Body" (1948), Christian Century, February 25, p. 276.
Davis, D. (1993) "Rebuilding the Wall: Thoughts on Religion and the Supreme Court Under the Clinton Administration", Journal of Church and State 35(1): 7-17.
Davis, D. (2003) "Moments of Silence in America's Public Schools: Constitutional and Ethical Considerations", Journal of Church and State 3: 429.
Durso, K. (1994) "The Voluntary School Prayer Debate: A Separationist Perspective", Journal of Church and State 1: 88.
Dusen, Henry van (1951) "Religion in Public Education", Christianity and Crisis, April 30, P- 51-
Dzukaeva, Z.N. (1992) "‘Sviashchennaia voina' v Amerike" ["Holy war" in America], SShA- Kanada: Ekonomika. Politika. KuVtura 5: 73-75.
Emelin, M.Iu. (2013) "Vliianie pravovoi doktriny na zakonodatel'stvo SShA, ее roi' v tolkovanii Konstitutsii SShA" [The influence of legal doctrine on U.S. legislation, its role in the interpretation of the U.S. constitution], Vestnik Penzenskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta 4: 51-54.
Fogarty, G. (2003) "Reflections on Contemporary Anti-Catholicism", U.S. Catholic Historian 4: 40.
Gaston, H. (2013) "The Cold War Romance of Religious Authenticity: Will Herberg, William F. Buckley Jr., and the Rise of the New Right", Journal of American History: 1133.
Gaston, H. (2014) "‘A Bad Kind of Magic': The Niebuhr Brothers on ‘Utilitarian Christianity' and the Defense of Democracy", Harvard Theological Review Ю7(i):i-зо.
Gaustad, E. (1962) "Church and State Re-Examined: A Baptist View", Journal of Church and State 4(1): 76-82.
Geren, P. (1961) "Church and State in the United States and the Soviet Union: A Comparative Study", Journal of Church and State3(i):53-70.
"Historical Note on the First Amendment" (1949), Christianity and Crisis, July 5, p. 29.
Humble, E. (i960) "Religious Instruction and Activities in Texas Public Schools", Journal of Church and State 2(2)1117-136.
Johnson, F. (1948) "Editorial Notes", Christianity and Crisis, February 2, p. 53.
Johnson, F. (1952) "An Issue That Needs Re-Thinking", Christianity and Crisis, August 4, p. 105.
Kean, C. (1947) "Protestant Reaction to Roman Catholic Pressure", Christianity and Crisis, November 3, p. 4.
Marty, M. (1996) Modern American Religion, Volume 3: Under God, Indivisible, 1941- i960. Chicago.
Niebuhr, R. (1949) "The Rising Catholic-Protestant Tension", Christianity and Crisis, June 7, p. 106.
Nikolaev, B.V., Pavlova, N.A. (2011) "Gosudarstvo, vysshee obrazovanie i religiia: severoamerikanskaia model' regulirovaniia" ["Government, higher education and religion: The North American model of regulation"], Sovremennye problemy nauki i obrazovaniia 2: 29-38.
"Seventh Day Baptists Urge Church-State Vigilance" (1947), Christian Century, September 10, p. 1090
Sorauf, F. (1959) "Zorach V. Clauson: The Impact of a Supreme Court Decision", The American Political Science Review 53(3): 778.
"Statement on Church and State" (1948), Christianity and Crisis, July 5, p. 90.
"The Constitutionality of the Inclusion of Church-Related Schools in Federal Aid to Education: The Roman Catholic Viewpoint" (1962), Journal of Church and State 4(2): 159-165.
Weigle, L. (1950) "Freedom of Religion and Education", Christianity and Crisis, July 24, p. 100.
Witte, J. (2006) "Facts and Fictions About the History of Separation of Church and State", Journal of Church and State 48(1): 15-45.
Yarbrough, T. (1996) "Church, State and the Rehnquist Court: A Brief for Lemon", Journal of Church and State 38(1): 59-85.
Zadorozhniuk, I.E. (2007) "Grazhdanskaia religiia i patrioticheskoe vospitanie v sisteme obrazovaniia SShA" ["Civil religion and patriotic education in the U.S. educational system"], Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii 9: 150-155.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
How to Cite
Коды статьи
- EDN ZCDNCT
- Тип статьи (РИНЦ) Научная статья (Научная статья)
